There are two sets of numbers in Japanese. One set (made up of original Japanese terms) goes only from one through ten. The other set, which was adopted from China, is complete.
JAPANESE NUMBERS
1 hitotsu (he-toe-t’sue) ひとつ
2 futatsu (fuu-tah-t’sue) ふたつ
3 mittsu (meet-sue) みっつ
4 yottsu (yoat-sue) よっつ
5 itsutsu (eat-sue-t’sue) いつつ
6 muttsu (moot-sue) むっつ
7 nanatsu (nah-nah-t’sue) ななつ
8 yattsu (yaht-sue) やっつ
9 kokonotsu (koe-koe-no-t’sue) ここのつ
10 tō(toe) とう
NUMBERS OF CHINESE ORIGIN
1 ichi (ee-chee) いち
2 ni (nee) に
3 san (sahn) さん
4 shi/yon (she/yoan) し／よん
5 go (go) ご
6 roku (roe-koo) ろく
7 shichi/nana (she-chee/nah-nah) しち／なな
8 hachi (hah-chee) はち
9 kyū/ku (koo/cue) きゅう／く
10 jū(joo) じゅう
After ten only the Chinese numbers are used. Eleven is a combination of ten plus one jū-ichi (joo-ee- chee) じゅうい ち, twelve is ten plus two jū-ni (joo-nee) じゅうに, and so on. Twenty is two tens ni-jū (nee-joo) にじゅう, thirty is three tens san-jū (shan-joo) さんじゅう, and so on.
11 jū-ichi (joo-ee-chee) じゅういち
12 jū-ni (joo-nee) じゅうに
13 jū-san (joo-shan) じゅうさん
14 jū-yon (joo-yoan) じゅうよん
jū-shi (joo- she) じゅうし
15 jū-go (joo-go) じゅうご
16 jū-roku (joo-roe-koo) じゅうろく
17 jū-nana (joo-nah-nah) じゅうなな
jū-shichi (joo-she-chee) じゅうしち
18 jū-hachi (joo-hah-chee) じゅうはち
19 jū-kyu (joo-cue) じゅうきゅう
jū-ku (joo- koo) じゅうく
20 ni-jū (nee-joo) にじゅう
21 ni-jū-ichi (nee-joo-ee-chee) にじゅういち
22 ni-jū-ni (nee-joo-nee) にじゅうに
23 ni-jū-san (nee-joo-sahn) にじゅうさん
24 ni-jū-yon (nee-joo-yoan) にじゅうよん
ni-jū-shi (nee-joo-she) にじゅうし
25 ni-jū-go (nee-joo-go) にじゅうご
30 san-jū (sahn-joo) さんじゅう
31 san-jū-ichi (sahn-joo-ee-chee) さんじゅういち
32 san-jū-ni (sahn-joo-nee) さんじゅうに
40 yon-jū (yoan-joo) よんじゅう
50 go-jū (go-joo)
60 roku-jū (roe-koo-joo) ろくじゅう
70 shichi-jū(she-chee-joo) しちじゅう
nana-jū (nah-nah-joo) ななじゅう
80 hachi-jū (hah-chee-joo) はちじゅう
90 kyu-jū (cue-joo) きゅうじゅう
100 hyaku (h’yah-koo) ひゃく
101 hyaku-ichi (h’yah-koo-ee-chee) ひゃくいち
102 hyaku-ni (h’yah-koo-nee) ひゃくに
120 hyaku ni-jū (h’yah-koo nee-joo) ひゃくにじゅう
121 hyaku-ni-jū-ichi ひゃくにじゅういち
(h’yah-koo nee-joo-ee-chee)
130 hyaku-san-jū ひゃくさんじゅう
(h’yah-koo sahn-joo)
140 hyaku-yon-jū ひゃくよんじゅう
(h’yah-koo yoan-joo)
200 ni-hyaku (nee h’yah-koo) にひゃく
300 san-byaku (sahn b’yah-koo) さんびゃく
500 go-hyaku (go h’yah-koo) ごひゃく
600 roppyaku (rope-p’yah-koo) ろっぴゃく
800 happyaku (hape-p’yah-koo) はっぴゃく
1,000 sen (sen) せん
issen (ee-ssen) いっせん
1,100 sen-hyaku せんひゃく
(sen-h’yah-koo)
1,200 sen-ni-hyaku せんにひゃく
(sen-nee-h’yah-koo)
2,000 ni-sen (nee-sen) にせん
3,000 san-zen (sahn-zen)
5,000 go-sen (go-sen) ごせん
8,000 hassen (hah-ssen) はっせん
10,000 ichi-man (ee-chee-mahn) いちまん
11,000 ichi-man-issen いちまんいっせん
(ee-chee-mahn-ee-ssen)
20,000 ni-man (nee-mahn) にまん
50,000 go-man (go-mahn) ごまん
100,000 jū-man (joo-mahn) じゅうまん
200,000 ni-jū-man (nee-joo-mahn) にじゅうまん
500,000 go-jū-man (go-joo-mahn) ごじゅうまん
1,000,000 hyaku-man (h’yah-koo-mahn) ひゃくまん
75 hitori (shh-toe-ree)
one person ひとり 76 futari (fu-tah-ree) two persons ふたり When referring to one or two persons, the native Japanese counting system is used. ➡ We are) two persons. ふたり です。 Futari desu. (fu-tah-ree dess) The Chinese number system is used when counting people from three on up. When you enter a restau- rant, the host will use nan mei sama desu ka? (nahn may sahmah dess kah) なんめいさま です か。 to ask, “How many persons are there?” In this instance nan means “how many” instead of “what,” mei is another way of saying “person,” and - sama is an honorific form of san. If you are a party of two you can answer futari desu or ni mei desu. 77 san-nin (sahn neen) three persons さんにん ➡ (We are) three persons. さんにん です。 Sannin desu. (sahn neen dess)
78 yo-nin (yo-neen) four persons よにん ➡ (We are) four persons. よにん です。 Yonin desu. (yo-neen dess) 79 jikan (jee-kahn) time, hour じかん ichi-jikan (ee-chee jee-kahn)
one hour いちじかん ni-jikan (nee jee-kahn) two hours にじかん san-jikan (sahn jee-kahn) three hours さんじかん yo-jikan (yo jee-kahn) four hours よじかん go-jikan (go jee-kahn) five hours, etc. ごじかん
nan-jikan? (nahn jee-kahn) how many hours? なんじかん？ Time is expressed the following way:
ichi-ji (ee-chee jee) one o’clock いちじ
ni-ji (nee jee) two o’clock にじ
san-ji (sahn jee) three o’clock さんじ
yo-ji (yo jee) four o’clock よじ
go-ji (go jee) five o’clock ごじ
roku-ji (roe koo jee) six o’clock ろくじ
shichi-ji (shee-chee jee) seven o’clock しちじ
hachi-ji (hah-chee jee) eight o’clock はちじ
ku-ji (koo jee) nine o’clock くじ
jū-ji (joo jee) ten o’clock じゅうじ
jū-ichi-ji eleven o’clock じゅういちじ
(joo ee-chee jee)
jū-ni-ji (joo nee jee) twelve o’clock じゅうにじ
nan-ji? (nahn jee) what time?
80 fun/pun (hoon/poon) minute, minutes ふん／ぷん
ippun (eep-poon) one minute いっぷん
ni-fun (nee-hoon) two minutes にふん
san-pun (sahn-poon) three minutes さんぷん
yon-pun (yoan-poon) four minutes よんぷん
go-fun (go-hoon) five minutes ごふん
roppun (rope-poon) six minutes ろっぷん
nana-fun seven minutes ななふん
(nah-nah-hoon)
happun (hahp-poon) eight minutes はっぷん
kyū-fun (cue-hoon) nine minutes きゅうふん
juppun (joo-poon) ten minutes じゅっぷん
jū-ippun eleven minutes じゅういっぷん
(joo-eep-poon)
jū-ni-fun twelve minutes じゅうにふん
(joo-nee-hoon)
ni-juppun twenty minutes にじゅっぷん
(nee-joop-poon)
san-juppun thirty minutes さんじゅっぷん
(sahn-joop-poon)
yon-jū-go-fun forty-five minutes よんじゅうごふん
(yoan-joo-go-hoon)
nan-pun? how many minutes? なんぷん？
(nan-poon)
81 gozen (go-zen) morning (am) ごぜん 82 gogo (go-go) afternoon (pm) ごご ➡ It is ten-thirty in the morning. ごぜん じゅうじ さんじゅっぷん です。 Gozen jū-ji san-juppun desu. (go-zen juu-jee sahn-joop-poon dess) ➡ I shall meet (you) this afternoon at two o’clock. きょう の ごご にじ に あいます。 Kyō no gogo ni-ji ni aimasu. (k’yoe no go-go nee-jee nee aye-mahss) ➡ Let’s go this afternoon. きょう の ごご に いきましょう。 Kyō no gogo ni ikimashō. (k’yoe no go-go nee ee-kee-mah-show)
➡ Let’s go tomorrow afternoon. あした の ごご に いきましょう。 Ashita no gogo ni ikimashō. (ahssh-tah no go-go nee ee-kee-mah-show)
Han (hahn) はん, meaning “half” is also used to express the half hour, as in ni-ji han (nee-jee hahn) にじはん or 2:30.
JAPANESE NUMBERS
1 hitotsu (he-toe-t’sue) ひとつ
2 futatsu (fuu-tah-t’sue) ふたつ
3 mittsu (meet-sue) みっつ
4 yottsu (yoat-sue) よっつ
5 itsutsu (eat-sue-t’sue) いつつ
6 muttsu (moot-sue) むっつ
7 nanatsu (nah-nah-t’sue) ななつ
8 yattsu (yaht-sue) やっつ
9 kokonotsu (koe-koe-no-t’sue) ここのつ
10 tō(toe) とう
NUMBERS OF CHINESE ORIGIN
1 ichi (ee-chee) いち
2 ni (nee) に
3 san (sahn) さん
4 shi/yon (she/yoan) し／よん
5 go (go) ご
6 roku (roe-koo) ろく
7 shichi/nana (she-chee/nah-nah) しち／なな
8 hachi (hah-chee) はち
9 kyū/ku (koo/cue) きゅう／く
10 jū(joo) じゅう
After ten only the Chinese numbers are used. Eleven is a combination of ten plus one jū-ichi (joo-ee- chee) じゅうい ち, twelve is ten plus two jū-ni (joo-nee) じゅうに, and so on. Twenty is two tens ni-jū (nee-joo) にじゅう, thirty is three tens san-jū (shan-joo) さんじゅう, and so on.
11 jū-ichi (joo-ee-chee) じゅういち
12 jū-ni (joo-nee) じゅうに
13 jū-san (joo-shan) じゅうさん
14 jū-yon (joo-yoan) じゅうよん
jū-shi (joo- she) じゅうし
15 jū-go (joo-go) じゅうご
16 jū-roku (joo-roe-koo) じゅうろく
17 jū-nana (joo-nah-nah) じゅうなな
jū-shichi (joo-she-chee) じゅうしち
18 jū-hachi (joo-hah-chee) じゅうはち
19 jū-kyu (joo-cue) じゅうきゅう
jū-ku (joo- koo) じゅうく
20 ni-jū (nee-joo) にじゅう
21 ni-jū-ichi (nee-joo-ee-chee) にじゅういち
22 ni-jū-ni (nee-joo-nee) にじゅうに
23 ni-jū-san (nee-joo-sahn) にじゅうさん
24 ni-jū-yon (nee-joo-yoan) にじゅうよん
ni-jū-shi (nee-joo-she) にじゅうし
25 ni-jū-go (nee-joo-go) にじゅうご
30 san-jū (sahn-joo) さんじゅう
31 san-jū-ichi (sahn-joo-ee-chee) さんじゅういち
32 san-jū-ni (sahn-joo-nee) さんじゅうに
40 yon-jū (yoan-joo) よんじゅう
50 go-jū (go-joo)
60 roku-jū (roe-koo-joo) ろくじゅう
70 shichi-jū(she-chee-joo) しちじゅう
nana-jū (nah-nah-joo) ななじゅう
80 hachi-jū (hah-chee-joo) はちじゅう
90 kyu-jū (cue-joo) きゅうじゅう
100 hyaku (h’yah-koo) ひゃく
101 hyaku-ichi (h’yah-koo-ee-chee) ひゃくいち
102 hyaku-ni (h’yah-koo-nee) ひゃくに
120 hyaku ni-jū (h’yah-koo nee-joo) ひゃくにじゅう
121 hyaku-ni-jū-ichi ひゃくにじゅういち
(h’yah-koo nee-joo-ee-chee)
130 hyaku-san-jū ひゃくさんじゅう
(h’yah-koo sahn-joo)
140 hyaku-yon-jū ひゃくよんじゅう
(h’yah-koo yoan-joo)
200 ni-hyaku (nee h’yah-koo) にひゃく
300 san-byaku (sahn b’yah-koo) さんびゃく
500 go-hyaku (go h’yah-koo) ごひゃく
600 roppyaku (rope-p’yah-koo) ろっぴゃく
800 happyaku (hape-p’yah-koo) はっぴゃく
1,000 sen (sen) せん
issen (ee-ssen) いっせん
1,100 sen-hyaku せんひゃく
(sen-h’yah-koo)
1,200 sen-ni-hyaku せんにひゃく
(sen-nee-h’yah-koo)
2,000 ni-sen (nee-sen) にせん
3,000 san-zen (sahn-zen)
5,000 go-sen (go-sen) ごせん
8,000 hassen (hah-ssen) はっせん
10,000 ichi-man (ee-chee-mahn) いちまん
11,000 ichi-man-issen いちまんいっせん
(ee-chee-mahn-ee-ssen)
20,000 ni-man (nee-mahn) にまん
50,000 go-man (go-mahn) ごまん
100,000 jū-man (joo-mahn) じゅうまん
200,000 ni-jū-man (nee-joo-mahn) にじゅうまん
500,000 go-jū-man (go-joo-mahn) ごじゅうまん
1,000,000 hyaku-man (h’yah-koo-mahn) ひゃくまん
75 hitori (shh-toe-ree)
one person ひとり 76 futari (fu-tah-ree) two persons ふたり When referring to one or two persons, the native Japanese counting system is used. ➡ We are) two persons. ふたり です。 Futari desu. (fu-tah-ree dess) The Chinese number system is used when counting people from three on up. When you enter a restau- rant, the host will use nan mei sama desu ka? (nahn may sahmah dess kah) なんめいさま です か。 to ask, “How many persons are there?” In this instance nan means “how many” instead of “what,” mei is another way of saying “person,” and - sama is an honorific form of san. If you are a party of two you can answer futari desu or ni mei desu. 77 san-nin (sahn neen) three persons さんにん ➡ (We are) three persons. さんにん です。 Sannin desu. (sahn neen dess)
78 yo-nin (yo-neen) four persons よにん ➡ (We are) four persons. よにん です。 Yonin desu. (yo-neen dess) 79 jikan (jee-kahn) time, hour じかん ichi-jikan (ee-chee jee-kahn)
one hour いちじかん ni-jikan (nee jee-kahn) two hours にじかん san-jikan (sahn jee-kahn) three hours さんじかん yo-jikan (yo jee-kahn) four hours よじかん go-jikan (go jee-kahn) five hours, etc. ごじかん
nan-jikan? (nahn jee-kahn) how many hours? なんじかん？ Time is expressed the following way:
ichi-ji (ee-chee jee) one o’clock いちじ
ni-ji (nee jee) two o’clock にじ
san-ji (sahn jee) three o’clock さんじ
yo-ji (yo jee) four o’clock よじ
go-ji (go jee) five o’clock ごじ
roku-ji (roe koo jee) six o’clock ろくじ
shichi-ji (shee-chee jee) seven o’clock しちじ
hachi-ji (hah-chee jee) eight o’clock はちじ
ku-ji (koo jee) nine o’clock くじ
jū-ji (joo jee) ten o’clock じゅうじ
jū-ichi-ji eleven o’clock じゅういちじ
(joo ee-chee jee)
jū-ni-ji (joo nee jee) twelve o’clock じゅうにじ
nan-ji? (nahn jee) what time?
80 fun/pun (hoon/poon) minute, minutes ふん／ぷん
ippun (eep-poon) one minute いっぷん
ni-fun (nee-hoon) two minutes にふん
san-pun (sahn-poon) three minutes さんぷん
yon-pun (yoan-poon) four minutes よんぷん
go-fun (go-hoon) five minutes ごふん
roppun (rope-poon) six minutes ろっぷん
nana-fun seven minutes ななふん
(nah-nah-hoon)
happun (hahp-poon) eight minutes はっぷん
kyū-fun (cue-hoon) nine minutes きゅうふん
juppun (joo-poon) ten minutes じゅっぷん
jū-ippun eleven minutes じゅういっぷん
(joo-eep-poon)
jū-ni-fun twelve minutes じゅうにふん
(joo-nee-hoon)
ni-juppun twenty minutes にじゅっぷん
(nee-joop-poon)
san-juppun thirty minutes さんじゅっぷん
(sahn-joop-poon)
yon-jū-go-fun forty-five minutes よんじゅうごふん
(yoan-joo-go-hoon)
nan-pun? how many minutes? なんぷん？
(nan-poon)
81 gozen (go-zen) morning (am) ごぜん 82 gogo (go-go) afternoon (pm) ごご ➡ It is ten-thirty in the morning. ごぜん じゅうじ さんじゅっぷん です。 Gozen jū-ji san-juppun desu. (go-zen juu-jee sahn-joop-poon dess) ➡ I shall meet (you) this afternoon at two o’clock. きょう の ごご にじ に あいます。 Kyō no gogo ni-ji ni aimasu. (k’yoe no go-go nee-jee nee aye-mahss) ➡ Let’s go this afternoon. きょう の ごご に いきましょう。 Kyō no gogo ni ikimashō. (k’yoe no go-go nee ee-kee-mah-show)
➡ Let’s go tomorrow afternoon. あした の ごご に いきましょう。 Ashita no gogo ni ikimashō. (ahssh-tah no go-go nee ee-kee-mah-show)
Han (hahn) はん, meaning “half” is also used to express the half hour, as in ni-ji han (nee-jee hahn) にじはん or 2:30.
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